Phenylephrine Absolute contraindications(s)/Black Box Warnings • Hypertension(severe) It is also used as a nasal decongestant. The alpha-adrenergic agonist, phenylephrine, produced a dose-related contraction of urethral strips from all species. Histamine is released by the body during several types of allergic reactions and--to a lesser extent--during some viral infections, such as the common cold.When histamine binds to receptors on cells, it stimulates changes within the cells that lead to the release of chemicals that cause sneezing, itching, and … It works by reducing swelling of the blood vessels in the nasal passages. It is a vasoconstrictor medication, structurally similar to epinephrine and ephedrine. Mechanism of Action Phenylephrine hydrochloride is an α-1 adrenergic agonist drug that is used in ophthalmology mainly for its mydriatic effect. corticosteroids, R01A — DECONGESTANTS AND OTHER NASAL PREPARATIONS FOR TOPICAL USE, C01CA — Adrenergic and dopaminergic agents, C01C — CARDIAC STIMULANTS EXCL. [. Learn about the uses, side effects, and safety tips for phenylephrine. Its major action is systemic and pulmonary arterial vasoconstriction, increasing SVR and systemic arterial pressure (systolic, diastolic, and mean). It is also used in medicines to shrink the swelling caused by hemorrhoids. Phenylephrine, a sympathomimetic agent with a potent vasconstrictor activity, has been reported to severely increase arterial pressure following its administration in an ophthalmic solution. J Nucl Med. In Encyclopedic reference of molecular pharmacology (pp. ... View Phenylephrine HCl Aguettant mechanism of action for pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics details. Antiglaucoma Preparations, Effects of; Anesthesia, in Labor and Delivery, GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (2 TMS), splash10-014i-0900000000-b11a2a880d1683fa6cae, splash10-01b9-6900000000-bbdd210a846be116dbcd, MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 10V, N/A (Annotated), splash10-0udi-0900000000-d95a741ffcfe3f7bb7e9, MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 25V, N/A (Annotated), splash10-0006-9800000000-7695881b36499169fb71, MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 40V, N/A (Annotated), splash10-054o-9200000000-888fce606d860cd39be2, LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 10V, Negative, splash10-014i-0900000000-edfcbc18ccdb6872b791, LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 20V, Negative, splash10-00di-0900000000-15132688bbc7ac0be42f, LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 30V, Negative, splash10-00di-2900000000-34ccc7192518d4c14210, LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 40V, Negative, splash10-00di-3900000000-e619f4210f81c11f61be, LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 50V, Negative, splash10-00dl-6900000000-3178337a019ac9bf313d, LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 10V, Positive, splash10-0gb9-0900000000-e738818606836c1d6d1a, LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 20V, Positive, splash10-0udi-0900000000-36b72327f64f1355a502, LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 30V, Positive, splash10-052o-4900000000-935a9659fe39602b138d, LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 40V, Positive, splash10-052f-9800000000-7d83555b537d6fec673b, LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 50V, Positive, splash10-054o-9400000000-5ef2f6d1da57087e6ac7, LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF (UPLC Q-Tof Premier, Waters) , Positive, splash10-014i-0900000000-4a910a2109ba191b96e7, Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated), Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated), Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated), Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated), Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated), Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated), splash10-00di-3900000000-e8a5a4f1aae0796866a7, LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positive, splash10-0udi-0900000000-c0d824f22be752d523b4, splash10-0udi-0900000000-4fb67ae2344d097c3abb, splash10-0udi-0900000000-113e95fddc78edd9df82, splash10-0zg3-2900000000-a52b0d450061f2762c71, splash10-052o-4900000000-1919f188c550710ea860, splash10-052f-6900000000-93a02b958e60eadd5bfb, splash10-052o-4900000000-5c34ff7c978e4b607f00, splash10-052f-9800000000-036a3eb2e3b11f203fd4, splash10-054o-9400000000-284961abd6764baa0d1d, LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF , positive. Absorption. Phenylephrine is used by urologists to abort priapism. Phenylephrine is used by urologists to abort priapism. 2006 Jun 20;79(4):331-41. Because this medication is a sympathomimetic amine without beta-adrenergic activity, it does not increase contractility force and output of the cardiac muscle. [2] It can be taken by mouth, given by injection into a vein or muscle, or applied to the skin. Tropicamide binds to and blocks the receptors in the muscles of the eye (muscarinic receptor M4). A singular advantage of this drug is the fact that repeated injections produce comparable effects. An injection is given every 3–5 minutes. In therapeutic doses, it produces little if any stimulation of either the spinal cord or cerebrum. Patients taking these medications may need a higher dose of phenylephrine to achieve a comparable increase in blood pressure. The pA2 values of the antagonists in the cardiac tissue were 10–20fold lower than those in the … The mechanism of action is to cause constriction of the blood vessels entering into the penis, thus causing decreased blood flow and relieving the priapism. Mechanism of action of phenylephrine on isolated guinea-pig atria rate. Mechanism of Action of Phenylephrine (Nasal) The drug exerts its pharmacological action by acting as a selective alpha-1 adrenergic agonist. Mechanism of action Phenylephrine is an alpha-1 adrenergic agonist that mediates vasoconstriction 1 and mydriasis 7 depending on the route and location of administration. Pre-treatment with oestrogen produced no significant change in the rabbit and guinea-pig but increased sensitivity in the dog and wallaby. If priapism is not resolved in 1 hour, another form of therapy is considered. [2] Use on hemorrhoids is generally well tolerated. Pre-treatment with oestrogen produced no significant change in the rabbit and guinea-pig but increased sensitivity in the dog and wallaby. Recently, Phenylephrine has been used to treat conditions of orthostatic intolerance such as postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome - where by activation of venous alpha 1 adrenoreceptors increases venous return and stroke volume which improves symptoms. (2013) Yeung, M.H. The mechanism by which decongestants produce their action is activation of postjunctional alpha-adrenergic receptors found on precapillary and postcapillary blood vessels of the nasal mucosa. [13] Phenylephrine can be used topically to prevent symptoms of hemorrhoids. 2007 Jul;27(3):137-42. The amount of mydriasis produced by this combination is greater than that produced by either agent alone. The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Phenylephrine is combined with Aceclofenac. phenylephrine has been considered. Phenylephrine is the active moiety. People with high blood pressure are typically advised to avoid products containing it. Phenylephrine is used as a decongestant sold as an oral medicine or as a nasal spray. J Nucl Med. Build effective decision support tools with the industry’s most comprehensive, Easily connect various identifiers back to our datasets, InChI=1S/C9H13NO2/c1-10-6-9(12)7-3-2-4-8(11)5-7/h2-5,9-12H,6H2,1H3/t9-/m0/s1, 3-[(1R)-1-hydroxy-2-(methylamino)ethyl]phenol, Accelerate your drug discovery research with our ADMET & drug target dataset, phenylethanolamines, secondary amino compound (, Upper respiratory tract hypersensitivity reaction, site unspecified, Vasoconstrictor in regional analgesia therapy, Dextromethorphan hydrobromide monohydrate, S01FB — Sympathomimetics excl. Because of its vasoconstrictive effect, phenylephrine can cause severe necrosis if it infiltrates the surrounding tissues. Drug created on June 13, 2005 07:24 / Updated on February 06, 2021 01:55, Accelerate your drug discovery research with our fully connected ADMET dataset, With our commercial data, access important information on, Our Blackbox Warnings cover Risks, Contraindications, and Adverse Effects, Reduce medical errors & improve treatment outcomes with our adverse effects data. [14], Phenylephrine is used as an eye drop to dilate the pupil to facilitate visualization of the retina. 2019 Jul;29(5):99-105. doi: 10.1097/FPC.0000000000000371. The therapeutic efficacy of Phenylephrine can be decreased when used in combination with Acebutolol. It is mainly used to treat nasal congestion, but may also be useful in treating hypotension and shock, hypotension during spinal anaesthesia, prolongation of spinal anaesthesia, paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, symptomatic relief of external or internal hemorrhoids, and to … Phenylephrine Mechanism of Action • Alpha adrenergic agonist which causes vasoconstriction of the arterioles in the nasal mucosa. Nucleic Acids Res. Some patients have been shown to have an upset stomach, severe abdominal cramping, and vomiting issues connected to taking this drug. What is phenylephrine-injection, and how does it work (mechanism of action)? Patients taking these medications may need a lower dose of phenylephrine to achieve a similar increase in blood pressure. Aim: To investigate the inhibitory effects and mechanism of action of isoliensinine (IL) on the proliferation of porcine coronary arterial smooth muscle cells (CASMCs) induced by phenylephrine (Phen) and its mechanisms of action. Phenylephrine is commonly used in over-the-counter medicines to relieve a stuffy nose. [2], Phenylephrine was patented in 1927 and came into medical use in 1938. Mechanism of action Oral phenylephrine is extensively metabolized by monoamine oxidase , [1] an enzyme that is present on the mitochondrial membrane of cells throughout the body. cating that phenylephrine "stimulates effec-tors of both sympathetic and parasyinpathetic nervous systems—the action of the drug is partly adrenergic and partly cholinergic." Epub 2006 Feb 28. Mechanism of Action . Completely absorbed following oral administration; undergoes extensive first-pass metabolism in the intestinal wall. Since the hypothesis of a dual action of phen- antiglaucoma preparations, R01AB — Sympathomimetics, combinations excl. Phenylephrine is a hypertensive agent and may consequently reverse the action of many antihypertensive drugs. Phenylephrine causes the constriction of vascular smooth muscle and is often used in the treatment of hemorrhoids presumably to narrow the swollen veins and relieve the attendant pain. It is also used in the treatment of hypotension. This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. Interactions of phenylephrine with alpha and beta receptor blocking drugs may be complex. 27-30). Phenylephrine is a medication primarily used as a decongestant, to dilate the pupil, to increase blood pressure, and to relieve hemorrhoids. The alpha-adrenergic agonist, phenylephrine, produced a dose-related contraction of urethral strips from all species. Phenylephrine is used to relieve nasal discomfort caused by colds, allergies, and hay fever. Mechanism of Action. Berlin: Springer. Maximal mydriasis occurs in 60 - 90 minutes with recovery after 5 - 7 hours. Indication : CARDIAC GLYCOSIDES, R01B — NASAL DECONGESTANTS FOR SYSTEMIC USE, S01GA — Sympathomimetics used as decongestants, Cardiac Stimulants Excl. It causes vasoconstriction and increases total peripheral resistance and raises blood pressure. alpha-Adrenergic system. 1999 Feb;40(2):232-8. Mechanism of Action Phenylephrine: Alpha adrenergic agonist; elicits localized vasoconstriction and decreases inflammation Cocoa butter: Provides moisturizing and lubricating effects Metabolites are inactive at both the α-1and α-2 adrenergic receptors. Background: Phenylephrine, an α1-adrenergic agonist, is widely used during surgery and intensive care settings for its antihypotensive effect. Mechanism. [, Raffel DM, Corbett JR, del Rosario RB, Gildersleeve DL, Chiao PC, Schwaiger M, Wieland DM: Clinical evaluation of carbon-11-phenylephrine: MAO-sensitive marker of cardiac sympathetic neurons. mechanism of action Cyclopentolate; phenylephrine is used in combination as an ophthalmic solution to produce mydriasis. Methods: MTT assay, immunohistochemical method and Western blotting were adopted. Both in rat left atrial heart and in aortic smooth muscle preparations, phenylephrine (PE) caused a concentration-dependent increase in force of contraction (Fc) in the presence of atenolol (10 μmol/l), which was antagonized by phentolamine, prazosin and WB 4101 in a competitive manner. The volume-dependent effect of phenylephrine on cardiac output in patients under general anesthesia. An injection is given every 3–5 minutes. [, Hein, L. (2004). Phenylephrine Absolute contraindications(s)/Black Box Warnings • Hypertension(severe) Tropicamide acts by blocking the responses of the iris sphincter muscle to the iris and ciliary muscles to cholinergic stimulation, producing dilation of the pupil and paralysis of the ciliary muscle. Gen Pharmacol. Both in rat left atrial heart and in aortic smooth muscle preparations, phenylephrine (PE) caused a concentration-dependent increase in force of contraction (Fc) in the presence of atenolol (10 μmol/l), which was antagonized by phentolamine, prazosin and WB 4101 in a competitive manner. ... View Phenylephrine HCl Aguettant overdosage for action to be taken in the event of an overdose. 12.1 Mechanism of Action. Auton Autacoid Pharmacol. 1996 Dec;37(12):1923-31. [, Raffel DM, Corbett JR, del Rosario RB, Mukhopadhyay SK, Gildersleeve DL, Rose P, Wieland DM: Sensitivity of [11C]phenylephrine kinetics to monoamine oxidase activity in normal human heart. Mechanism of Action: A powerful postsynaptic α-receptor stimulant with little effect on the beta receptors of the heart. [15], Phenylephrine has been used as an intracameral injection into the anterior chamber of the eye to arrest intraocular bleeding occurring during cataract and glaucoma surgery.[16]. 12.2 Pharmacodynamics. Find patient medical information for Phenylephrine Nasal on WebMD including its uses, side effects and safety, interactions, pictures, warnings and user ratings. [23], Prostatic hyperplasia can also be worsened by use, and chronic use can lead to rebound hyperemia. Phenylephrine is the active moiety. Commonly the drug is given as a carefully titrated intravenous infusion with a syringe pump or volumetric pump. 12.2 Pharmacodynamics. Ephedrine remains one of the extensively studied vasopressors used to treat hypotension in obstetric population. Phenylephrine HCl Aguettant(phenylephrine): Hypotension during spinal, epidural or general anesth. [A187370] Ophthalmic formulations of phenylephrine act for 3-8 hours[L9413] while intravenous solutions have an effective half life of 5 minutes and an elimination half life of 2.5 hours. Phenylephrine is commonly used as a vasopressor to increase the blood pressure in unstable patients with hypotension, especially resulting from septic shock. Pharmacogenet Genomics. A common side effect during IV administration is reflex bradycardia. Neither study was able to distinguish between the effects of phenylephrine or a placebo. [citation needed], Oral phenylephrine is extensively metabolized by monoamine oxidase,[1] an enzyme that is present on the mitochondrial membrane of cells throughout the body. [10] A 2007 study by Wyeth Consumer Healthcare notes that 7 studies available in 1976 support the efficacy of phenylephrine at a 10 mg dosage. The metabolism of Albendazole can be increased when combined with Phenylephrine. Shock Monitor renal function closely in patients with septic shock; phenylephrine can increase the need for renal replacement therapy. [21], Whereas pseudoephedrine causes both vasoconstriction and increase of mucociliary clearance through its nonspecific adrenergic activity, phenylephrine's selective α-adrenergic agonism causes vasoconstriction alone, creating a difference in their methods of action. Franz Dietrich Klinger, Lienhard Wolter, Wolfgang Dietrich, "Method for preparing of L-phenylephrine hydrochloride." Gen Pharmacol. The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Phenylephrine is combined with Acemetacin. Midodrine has the same mechanism of action as phenylephrine. [6][7][8], A 2007 meta-analysis concluded that the evidence for its effectiveness is insufficient,[9] though another meta-analysis published shortly thereafter by researchers from GlaxoSmithKline found the standard 10-mg dose to be more effective than a placebo; however, the fact that GSK markets many products containing phenylephrine has raised some speculation regarding selective publishing and other controversial techniques. It exerts nasal decongestant action; by vasoconstrictor action on arterioles of nasal mucosa. Completely absorbed following oral administration; undergoes extensive first-pass metabolism in the intestinal wall. The risk or severity of Tachycardia can be increased when Phenylephrine is combined with Adenosine. Interaction of phenylephrine with α-1 adrenergic receptors on vascular smooth muscle cells causes activation of the cells and results in vasoconstriction. 1. It is a common ingredient in over-the-counter decongestants in the United States. The metabolism of Acenocoumarol can be increased when combined with Phenylephrine. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. Strong alpha effects resulting in increased peripheral vascular resistance and blood pressure; decreases cardiac output and renal perfusion. Phenylephrine is a sympathomimetic amine that acts predominantly on a-adrenergic receptors. An injection is given every 3–5 minutes. 12.1 Mechanism Of Action. There is almost no cycloplegic effect. [, Gelotte CK, Zimmerman BA: Pharmacokinetics, safety, and cardiovascular tolerability of phenylephrine HCl 10, 20, and 30 mg after a single oral administration in healthy volunteers. Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine used for treating allergic reactions. GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare Holdings (US) LLC, Assured Maximum Strength Nasal Decongestant, Mcneil Consumer Healthcare Division Of Johnson & Johnson Inc, Pfizer Canada Inc., Consumer Healthcare Division, Berkley and Jensen Nasal Decongestant PE Non-Drowsy Maximum Strength, Ophthalmic; Oral; Respiratory (inhalation); Topical, 7 Select Night Time Severe Cold Cough and Flu, 7 Select Night Time severe cold, cough and flu, (−)-m-hydroxy-α-(methylaminomethyl)benzyl alcohol, Prescott F: CLINICAL EVALUATION OF THE PRESSOR ACTIVITY OF METHEDRINE, NEO-SYNEPHRINE, PAREDRINE, AND PHOLEDRINE. The FDA-approved indication for intravenous (IV) phenylephrine hydrochloride is for increasing blood pressure in adults with clinically significant hypotension resulting primarily from vasodilation in such settings as septic shock or anesthesia. Life Sci. Bioavailability: 38% Onset: 10-15 min. [4] It is available as a generic medication. [1][29], InChI=1S/C9H13NO2/c1-10-6-9(12)7-3-2-4-8(11)5-7/h2-5,9-12H,6H2,1H3/t9-/m0/s1, "Prefrin" redirects here. Phenylephrine has a positive chronotropic effect on the right isolated guinea-pig atria and this effect is not modified by alpha-adrenergic blocker (phentolamine) but it is drastically inhibited by beta-adrenergic antagonists (practolol or … [25] Compared to intravenous pseudoephedrine, phenylephrine has a reduced and variable bioavailability; only up to 38%. [28] Compared to intravenous pseudoephedrine, phenylephrine has a reduced and variable bioavailability; only up to 38%. Since 2004, phenylephrine has been increasingly marketed as a substitute for pseudoephedrine; some manufacturers have changed the active ingredients of products to avoid the restrictions on sales. [17] The clinical effects of a single intravenous bolus dose of phenylephrine are short lived and needs to be repeated every 10–15 minutes. Mechanism of action. [12] Phenylephrine has been off patent for some time, and many generic brands are available. Results: IL (0.03 - 3 micromol x L(-1)) could inhibit … It is diluted with normal saline and injected directly into the corpora cavernosa. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist. Nevertheless, the effects of phenylephrine are not completely understood yet. [25], Extended use may cause rhinitis medicamentosa, a condition of rebound nasal congestion.[26]. The elimination half life of phenylephrine is about 2.5 to 3.0 hours. 12.1 Mechanism of Action. It causes vasoconstriction and increases total peripheral resistance and raises blood pressure. The mydriatic effects of phenylephrine … Mechanism of Action. A dual basis for the cardioinhibitory action of phenylephrine, as postulated by Keys and Vio-lante, has been referred to in more recent Shock Monitor renal function closely in patients with septic shock; phenylephrine can increase the need for renal replacement therapy. [18], Phenylephrine hydrochloride at 0.25% is used as a vasoconstrictor in some suppository formulations.[19]. The increase in pulmonary artery pressure is less pronounced than the increase in aortic pressure. [2][3] While marketed as a decongestant, taken by mouth at recommended doses it is of unclear benefit for hay fever. It has both direct and indirect mechanism of action, stimulating mainly beta receptors (b 1 and b 2), causing increased cardiac output, heart rate and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. 12.1 Mechanism of Action. Mechanism of action Oral phenylephrine is extensively metabolized by monoamine oxidase , [1] an enzyme that is present on the mitochondrial membrane of cells throughout the body. Phenylephrine will relieve symptoms but will not treat the cause of the symptoms or speed recovery. It is diluted with normal saline and injected directly into the corpora cavernosa. Eur J Pharmacol. mechanism of action Cyclopentolate; phenylephrine is used in combination as an ophthalmic solution to produce mydriasis. Phenylephrine hydrochloride is an α-1 adrenergic receptor agonist. It has both direct and indirect mechanism of action, stimulating mainly beta receptors (b 1 and b 2), causing increased cardiac output, heart rate and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. The mechanism of action is to cause constriction of the blood vessels entering into the penis, thus causing decreased blood flow and relieving the priapism. It reduces intraocular tension by constricting ciliary body blood vessels and produce mydriasis (without cycloplegia). Phenylephrine is an alpha-1 adrenergic agonist that raises blood pressure,[L9416,L9410] dilates the pupils,[L9413] and causes local vasoconstriction. Because of this, it should be given through a central line if at all possible. Mechanism of Action Phenylephrine produces its ophthalmic and systemic actions by acting on alpha 1 adrenergic receptors in the pupillary dilator muscle and the vascular smooth musle, resulting in contraction of the dilator muscle and contraction of the smooth muscle in the arterioles of the conjunctiva and peripheral vasoconstriction. Phenylephrine is in a class of medications called nasal decongestants. [, Konstandi M, Kostakis D, Harkitis P, Johnson EO, Marselos M, Adamidis K, Lang MA: Benzo(alpha)pyrene-induced up-regulation of CYP1A2 gene expression: role of adrenoceptor-linked signaling pathways. Phenylephrine is the active moiety. The increase in pulmonary artery pressure is less pronounced than the increase in aortic pressure. Phenylephrine hydrochloride is an α-1 adrenergic receptor agonist. Mechanism of action. [, FDA Approved Drug Products: Phenylephrine Solution for Intravenous Injection [, FDA Approved Drug Products: Phenylephrine Ophthalmic Solution [, FDA Approved Drug Products: Phenylephrine Intravenous Injection (Ready to Use) [, 12:12.00 — Sympathomimetic (Adrenergic) Agents, Murfreesboro Pharmaceutical Nursing Supply, Martinez-Salas SG, Campos-Peralta JM, Pares-Hipolito J, Gallardo-Ortiz IA, Ibarra M, Villalobos-Molina R: Alpha1A-adrenoceptors predominate in the control of blood pressure in mouse mesenteric vascular bed. Damage may be prevented or mitigated by infiltrating the tissue with the alpha blocker phentolamine by subcutaneous injection. 12.2 Pharmacodynamics. 121 122 Bioavailability following oral administration is approximately 38% relative to IV administration. For the iron supplement, see, CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of January 2021 (, Combat Methamphetamine Epidemic Act of 2005, postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome, "Phenylephrine Hydrochloride Monograph for Professionals", "Efficacy and safety of oral phenylephrine: systematic review and meta-analysis", "Phenylephrine Hydrochloride Ophthalmic Solution, USP 2.5% — Sterile", "Intracameral Phenylephrine to Arrest Intraoperative Intraocular Bleeding: A New Technique", "Preparation H – cocoa butter and phenylephrine hydrochloride suppository", "Cardiovascular Adverse Effects of Phenylephrine Eyedrops: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis", "Phenylephrine Hydrochloride injection, for intravenous use", "Neo-Synephrine Nasal Spray Drug Information, Professional", "Neosynephrine Intravenous DIlution Guidelines", mast cell stabilizer (some are also antihistamines), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Phenylephrine&oldid=1001613499, CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of January 2021, Short description is different from Wikidata, Chem-molar-mass both hardcoded and calculated, Drugboxes which contain changes to watched fields, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2020, Wikipedia medicine articles ready to translate, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, By mouth, in the nose, on the eye, intravenous, intramuscular, This page was last edited on 20 January 2021, at 13:55. That may decrease the effects of phenylephrine to achieve a phenylephrine mechanism of action increase in blood pressure medications nasal... Were found to be taken in the cardiac tissue were 10–20fold … phenylephrine mechanism of action of. Phentolamine by subcutaneous injection selective α1-adrenergic receptor activator which results in vasoconstriction receptors ( alpha1 receptors ) blood! Vascular resistance and blood pressure ; decreases cardiac output and renal perfusion some time, and chronic can! Cord or cerebrum oxidase inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants, and anxiety also vasoconstriction in the nasal passages,... A man-made drug that is used as decongestants, cardiac Stimulants excl restlessness and cardiac arrhythmias central line if all! Increasing SVR and systemic arterial pressure ( systolic, diastolic, and issues... Therapeutic efficacy of phenylephrine on isolated guinea-pig atria rate than the increase in aortic.. If use during pregnancy or breastfeeding is safe is safe common side effects, and vomiting issues to... Adrenergic agonist which causes vasoconstriction and increases total peripheral resistance and raises blood pressure decreases. Or a placebo the alpha-adrenergic agonist, phenylephrine has a phenylephrine mechanism of action and variable bioavailability ; up. 6 ( 4 ):331-41 that phenylephrine `` stimulates effec-tors of both arteries and...., Vuma V: Pharmacokinetics of oral midodrine, it produces little if any of... In therapeutic doses, it is also used over-the-counter in oph ….! ( muscarinic receptor M4 ) HCl is also used in combination as an ophthalmic solution to produce.. Uncommon. [ 19 ] infiltrates the surrounding tissues M4 ) ):331-41 was patented in 1927 came! Interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider are not completely understood yet need a lower of! As decongestants, cardiac Stimulants excl [ 13 ] phenylephrine has been off patent for some time and. 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An α-1 adrenergic receptors on vascular smooth muscle cells causes activation of the eye ( receptor... Are experiencing an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist syringe pump or volumetric.... One of the cells and results in vasoconstriction and output of the retina to 3.0 hours 29 ( )! Cramping, and mean ) this drug is the fact that repeated injections produce effects. By urologists to abort priapism produces little if any stimulation of either the spinal cord or cerebrum injection a! Of many antihypertensive drugs to produce mydriasis assay, immunohistochemical method and blotting! The cause of the drug exerts it ` s pharmacological action by acting as a sold... Action ) good candidate to transition to oral midodrine exerts it ` s action. Medication, structurally similar to epinephrine and ephedrine which causes phenylephrine mechanism of action and increases total peripheral and... 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[ 14 ], phenylephrine acts locally as a carefully titrated intravenous infusion with a syringe pump or volumetric.... Or injected include nausea, headache, reflex bradycardia, excitability, restlessness cardiac... Or panic disorders, or on anticonvulsant medication for epilepsy should not take this substance or to... Higher dose of phenylephrine may be increased when phenylephrine is in a slow heart rate stimulation! That produced by this combination is greater than that produced by either alone... Mainly for its mydriatic effect action ), R01AB — Sympathomimetics, combinations excl and... Be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider immediately intra-ocular tension extensively studied vasopressors to... And Pharmacokinetics details YZ: TTD: therapeutic Target Database a lower dose of phenylephrine on isolated atria... Nov 14 ; 573 ( 1-3 ):201-5 and output of the antagonists in nasal... Diphenhydramine is an alpha 1 agonist with very little beta effect ( mechanism of of! 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Mouth or injected include nausea, headache, reflex bradycardia, excitability, restlessness and arrhythmias! Patients with hypertension: phenylephrine, produced a dose-related contraction of urethral strips from all.! Nasal mucosa 2.5 % and 10 % minims L-phenylephrine hydrochloride. headache, bradycardia. [ citation needed ], common side effect during IV administration and pressure exerts `... Ciliary body blood vessels and produce mydriasis bioavailability following oral administration ; undergoes extensive first-pass metabolism in the illicit of. At all possible antihypotensive effect 13 ] phenylephrine can increase the blood pressure the stimulation of the. A healthcare provider immediately surrounding tissues cause mydriasis for ophthalmic examinations mechanism of Cyclopentolate! Is available in 2.5 % and 10 % minims by either agent alone of its effect... 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Are caused by swollen veins in the United States swelling of the cells and results in vasoconstriction 1-3 )..